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Migration

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Migration

POLICY BRIEFS

Policy Briefs contain recommendations or visions and cover policy areas that are of interest to G20 policymakers. The majority of the Policy Briefs has been developed by a corresponding T20 Task Force.

T20 Recommendations Reports tie related policy proposals made under different G20 Presidencies into a common policy advice framework. They aim to leverage connections between T20 research organizations as well as other stakeholders to address well-defined global problems, in order to support G20 policymakers and to aid business and civil society organizations in complementing G20 policy efforts.

  • Recommendations (38)
  • Visions (0)
  • General Literature (8)
  • COVID-19-related Literature (4)
  • G20 2021

    Reducing vulnerability and precarity of low-skilled women in short-term migration from the global south: Key policy recommendations for the G-20
    • Sawsan Abdulrahim (American University Beirut)
    • Zahid ul Arefin Choudhury (University of Dhaka)
    • Hagar El Didi (International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI))
    • Patrick Kilby (Australian National University)
    • Nazmun Ratna (Lincoln University)
    • Claudia Ringler (International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI))
    • Joyce Wu (University of New South Wales)
  • G20 2021

    Vaccinations for migrants and refugees during and after Covid-19
    • Giulia De Ponte (National Centre for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità)
    • Silvia Declich (National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità)
    • Maria Grazia Dente (National Centre for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità)
    • Pier Luigi Lopalco (Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa)
    • Maurizio Marceca (Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome)
    • Giulia Marchetti (National Centre for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità)
    • Maria Laura Russo (Italian Society of Migration Medicine (SIMM))
    • Lara Tavoschi (Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa)
    • Maria Elena Tosti (National Centre for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità)
  • G20 2021

    Towards a triple win: Transforming circular migration into circular skill mobility schemes
    • Afaf Rahim ERC (Virides Project (VUB))
    • Glenn Rayp (Ghent University and UNU-CRIS)
    • Ilse Ruyssen (Ghent University and UNU-CRIS)
  • G20 2021

    Supporting Diasporas during and after Covid-19. Improved roles for global, regional and local governance
    • Hanne Beirens (MPI Europe)
    • Oleg Chirița (ICMPD)
    • Marta Foresti (ODI Europe)
    • Matthias Luecke (Kiel Institute for the World Economy)
    • Linguère Mously Mbaye (African Development Bank)
    • Aurélie Sgro (EU Global Diaspora Facility, ICMPD)
    • Matteo Villa (Istituto per gli studi di politica internazionale (ISPI))
  • G20 2021

    Promoting economic and social inclusion of migrant workers
    • Haya Al-Dajani (Mohammad Bin Salman College for Business and Entrepreneurship)
    • Marija Babovic (University of Belgrade)
    • Dinah Bennett (International Consultants for Entrepreneurship and Enterprise)
    • Simona Formica (NoGap)
    • Anne Jenkins (Women’s Economic Imperative)
    • Fabio Masini (Roma Tre University)
    • Ernestine Ning (Coventry University)
    • Sandy Onyalo (Ujeengo Global Community)
    • Smita Premchander (Sampark)
    • Krupa Sriram (Sampark)
    • Margo Thomas (Women’s Economic Imperative)
  • G20 2021

    Environment, migration and urbanisation: Challenges and solutions for low- and middle-income countries
    • Roman Hoffmann (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis)
    • Raya Muttarak (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis)
  • G20 2021

    Access to education for migrant and displaced students in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic: Challenges and good practices for reducing inequality
    • Diego Alejandro Sánchez (Fundación Empresarios por la Educación)
    • Andrea Escobar Vilá (Fundación Empresarios por la Educación)
    • Denisse Gelber (Laboratorio de Investigación e Innovación en Educación para América Latina y el Caribe, SUMMA)
    • Javier González (SUMMA)
    • Carlos Maldonado Valera (Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, CEPAL)
    • Javiera Muñoz (Consultant Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, CEPAL)
    • Belky Ríos (Fundación Empresarios por la Educación)
    • Daniela Trucco (Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, CEPAL)
  • G20 2021

    Human Mobility: Towards enhanced integration and social cohesion
    • Dominik Hangartner (ETH Zürich)
    • Bilal Malaeb (LSE)
    • Angelo Martelli (LSE)
  • G20 2021

    Developmental social protection for refugees in the aftermath of Covid-19
    • Furio Camillo Rosati (University of Rome Tor Vergata)
    • Maria Gabriella Breglia (University of Rome Tor Vergata)
  • G20 2021

    Post-pandemic economic recovery in developing countries: The return migrant community as a driving force
    • S. Irudaya Rajan (The International Institute of Migration and Development (IIMAD))
    • Nikhil Panicker (Faculty of Arts, Design and Social Sciences, Northumbria University; and The International Institute of Migration and Development (IIMAD))
  • G20 2020

    Local leadership: Preparing for the future of work and fostering immigrant inclusivity
    • Omar Kadkoy (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Güven Sak (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
  • G20 2020

    Decent jobs and inclusive social policies in home countries: Key factors for limiting illegal migration
    • Tayeb Ghazi
    • Amal El Ouassif
  • G20 2020

    Offering virtual consultative services to improve lives of refugees awaiting resettlement at camps
    • Amani Alkofide
    • Viqaruddin Mohammed
  • G20 2020

    Refugees and host economies
    • Yusuf Emre Akgündüz
    • Abdurrahman B. Aydemir
    • Murat Güray Kirdar
    • Semih Tümen
  • G20 2020

    Integration of migrants as a three-way process and its implications on the future of training and education
    • Sibel Güven
    • Murat Kenanoğlu (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
  • G20 2020

    Assessing trends in global youth immigrants in selected countries of Africa and Asia
    • Oluwayemisi A. Adepoju
    • Adeniyi T. Adetunji
    • Oluyemi O. Fayomi
    • Maryam Sali
  • G20 2020

    The G2020 protocol on forced migration: A new approach to solve the burden-sharing problem of forced migration and ensure lives in safety and dignity
    • Fahad A. Alsharif
    • Manuel Schubert
  • G20 2020

    Digitalization and forced displacement: How addressing access, online behavior, and privacy issues can lead to better digital solutions
    • Charles P. Martin-Shields (German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE))
  • G20 2020

    Education for migrant youths
    • Sarah Bakhsh
    • Tim Frazier
    • Sara Lechtenberg-Kasten (King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center)
  • G20 Japan

    Investment in Social Capital and Migrant Labour as a Solution for Population Ageing
    • Wilfred Lunga (Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC))
    • Konosoang Sobane (Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC))
  • G20 Japan

    Role of G20 in Designing Immigration Policies to Support Population Aging
    • Omar Kadkoy (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Güven Sak (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
  • G20 Japan

    Improving Immigrants’ Integration in Host Countries
    • Lena Detlefsen (Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW))
    • Gianluca Grimalda (Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW))
    • Christopher Schütt (Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW))
  • G20 Argentina

    Building an institution of ombudsman for migrant rights in host country for a secure and prosperous society
    • Farrukh Irnazarov (Central Asian Development Institute)
    • Gaukhar Nurgalieva (Skolkovo Institute for Emerging Markets Studies)
    • Vladimir Korovkin (Skolkovo Institute for Emerging Markets Studies)
  • T20 Co-Chair Brief

    G20 Argentina

    Regional Integration and Migration between Low-and-Middle-Income Countries: Regional initiatives need to be strengthened
    • Afaf Rahim (Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW))
    • Eva Dick (German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE))
    • Matthias Lücke (Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW))
    • Claas Schneiderheinze (Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW))
    • Benjamin Schraven (German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE))
    • Matteo Villa (Istituto per gli studi di politica internazionale (ISPI))
  • T20 Co-Chair Brief

    G20 Argentina

    Getting into School: Looking for Indicators of Integration
    • Ayşegül Düşündere (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Seçil Gülbudak Dil (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Omar Kadkoy (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Murat Kenanoğlu (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Güven Sak (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
  • G20 Argentina

    Repatriation Challenges faced by Developing First Asylum Countries & the International Response Mechanism: The Case of Myanmar Rohingyas in Bangladesh
    • Syed Munir Khasru (The Institute for Policy, Advocacy, and Governance (IPAG))
    • Avia Nahreen (The Institute for Policy, Advocacy, and Governance (IPAG))
  • G20 Argentina

    Preparing Cities to Manage Migration
    • Alice Charles (World Economic Forum (WEF))
    • Dilip Guna (PwC)
    • Hazem Galal (PwC)
  • G20 Argentina

    Keeping the Knowledge Flowing: Policy Recommendations for Supporting High-skill Migration
    • Charles P. Martin-Shields (German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE))
    • Katrina Munir-Asen
  • T20 Co-Chair Brief

    G20 Argentina

    Sustainable Way of Social Integration: Job Generation – How to Estimate and Compare the Cost of Employing One More Refugee?
    • Ayşegül Düşündere (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Omar Kadkoy (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Murat Kenanoğlu (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Güven Sak (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
  • T20 Co-Chair Brief

    G20 Argentina

    It takes more than a village. Effective Early Childhood Development, Education and Care services require competent systems
    • Alejandra Cardini (Centro de Implementacion de Politicas Publicas para la Equidad y el Crecimiento (CIPPEC))
    • Mathias Urban (Dublin City University)
    • Rita Flórez Romero (Universidad Nacional de Colombia)
  • G20 Argentina

    Barriers to access to education for migrant children
    • Wilfred Lunga (Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC))
    • Faton Bislimi (Kosovo Public Policy Center & RIT Kosovo (AUK), Kosovo)
    • Fawwaz A. Momani (Refugees, Displaced Persons, and Forced Migration Studies Centre)
    • Ismael Nouns (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH)
    • Konosoang Sobane (Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC))
  • T20 Co-Chair Brief

    G20 Argentina

    Strengthening Data on Migration to Inform Policy Making
    • Katharine Donato (Georgetown University)
    • Marcela Cerrutti (Centro de Estudios de Población-CENEP)
    • Mariana Beheran (International Organization for Migration)
    • Silvia Giorgiuli (El Colegio de México)
  • T20 Co-Chair Brief

    More Financial Burden-Sharing for Developing Countries that Host Refugees
    • Matthias Lücke (Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW))
    • Claas Schneiderheinze (Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW))
  • T20 Co-Chair Brief

    Education and Skills Development in the Context of Forced Migration
    • Faton Bislimi (Kosovo Public Policy Center & RIT Kosovo (AUK), Kosovo)
    • Kenan Engin (Bonn Research Institute for Migration Studies)
    • Jaya Josie (Zhejiang University Center for Internet and Financial Innovation)
    • Timur Kaymaz (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Fawwaz A. Momani (Refugees, Displaced Persons, and Forced Migration Studies Centre)
    • Ismael Nouns (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH)
    • Barbara Sabitzer (Konrad Adenauer Foundation, Syria/Iraq Office)
    • Astrid Skala-Kuhmann (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH)
    • Konosoang Sobane (Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC))
    • Daniel Taras (Economic Policy Forum(EPF)/Emerging Market Sustainability Dialogues (EMSD))
    • Vladimir Zuev (Higher School of Economics (HSE))
  • T20 Co-Chair Brief

    Forced Migrants: Labour Market Integration and Entrepreneurship
    • Omar Kadkoy (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Timur Kaymaz (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Murat Kenanoğlu (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
    • Güven Sak (Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV))
  • G20 policy makers should support wider religious roles in refugee resettlement
    • Shaun Casey (Berkley Center for Religion)
    • Attalah Fitzgibbon (Islamic Relief Worldwide)
    • Azza Karam (UNFPA)
    • Dr. Majbritt Lyck-Bowen (Centre of Religion, Reconciliation and Peace, University of Winchester)
    • Katherine Marshall (World Faiths Development Dialogue)
    • Ulrich Nitschke (International Partnership on Religion and Sustainable Development (PaRD))
    • Dr. Mark Owen (Centre of Religion, Reconciliation and Peace, University of Winchester)
    • Isabel Phiri (World Council of Churches (WWC))
    • Alberto Quatrucci (Community of Sant’Egidio)
    • Rabbi Awraham Soetendorp (Jacob Soetendorp Institute for Human Values)
    • Msgr. Robert Vitillo (International Catholic Migration Commission)
  • The G20 Countries Should Assume Leadership of the Forced Migration Crisis and Mitigate the Deficiencies of the Existing Governance System
    • Syed Munir Khasru (The Institute for Policy, Advocacy, and Governance (IPAG))
    • Kazi Mitul Mahmud (The Institute for Policy, Advocacy, and Governance (IPAG))
    • Avia Nahreen (The Institute for Policy, Advocacy, and Governance (IPAG))
  • Building Global Governance for ‘Climate Refugees’
    • Lloyd Axworthy (International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD))
    • Cristina Cattaneo (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM))
    • R. Andreas Kraemer (Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI))
    • Katriona McGlade (Ecologic Institute)
    • Nedson Pophiwa (Africa Institute of South Africa)
    • Aarsi Sagar (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER))
    • Benjamin Schraven (German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE))
    • Emily Wilkinson (Overseas Development Institute (ODI))
  • Global Solutions Journal G20/T20 Italy 2021 Edition

    The Global Solutions Journal G20/T20 Italy 2021 Edition focuses on Italy’s G20 priorities, overcoming the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, Digital Governance and New Measurement. 

    Authors from various sectors – politics, research, academia, business, and civil society – have contributed to this multifaceted edition. 

  • S20 Saudi Arabia Communique

    S20 Saudi Arabia 2020: Read the Communique here.

  • The Reality of Immigration

    While national politicians continue to speak about immigration in negative terms, the academic evidence is overwhelmingly positive. Migrants tend to be highly-skilled on average, contribute substantially to the economy, and do not compete with natives for social housing. Moreover, there is no evidence that crime rates have been on the rise as a result of new immigration waves. Neli Demireva writes that there is a real danger the immigration debate will turn sour and have spill-over effects in unexpected places.

    The academic evidence regarding immigration is overwhelmingly positive; by Neil Demireva 

  • Why whites in diverse places are more tolerant of immigration

    New research by Eric Kaufmann finds that local diversity does lead to more tolerant white attitudes and this is not the result of ‘white flight’. The results suggest that, as more locales become diverse, there will be more interethnic contact and more positive white attitudes to outgroups.

    Positive contact or “white flight”?: why whites in diverse places are more tolerant of immigration; by Eric Kaufmann

  • Migrants Bring Economic Benefits for Advanced Economies

    Migration, no matter how controversial politically, makes sense economically. A new IMF study shows that, over the longer term, both high- and low-skilled workers who migrate bring benefits to their new home countries by increasing income per person and living standards.  Moreover, the gains are broadly shared by the population. It may therefore be well-worth shouldering the short-term costs to help integrate these new workers.

    Migrants Bring Economic Benefits for Advanced Economies; by Florence Jaumotte, Ksenia Koloskova, and Sweta Saxena

  • Refugees and Economic Migrants: Facts, policies and challenges

    This eBook offers a brief summary of what economists have learnt about migration in several crucial areas of policymaking, and identifies most of the important questions that still remain to be answered.

    Refugees and Economic Migrants: Facts, policies and challenges, by Francesco Fasani

  • People on the move: Global migration’s impact and opportunity

    Major study from the McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), People on the move: Global migration’s impact and opportunity, maps the patterns of migration and calculates its impact on the world economy. To complement this global perspective, a companion report takes a deeper look at how these issues are playing out in real time across Europe today.

    A road map for integrating Europe’s refugees; by Frank Mattern, Eckart Windhagen, Solveigh Hieronimus, George Tsopelas, Jonathan Woetzel, and Anu Madgavkar

     

  • Immigration and the macroeconomy: Some new empirical evidence

    The macroeconomic effects of immigration are a hot topic, particularly during elections. Using immigration records from Norway, this column argues that an increase in immigration lowers unemployment (even for native workers) and has no negative effects on public finances. However, it identifies a negative effect on productivity that may be a worry for long-term growth.

    Immigration and the macroeconomy: Some new empirical evidence, by Francesco Furlanetto & Ørjan Robstad

     

  • Youth and COVID-19: Response, Recovery and Resilience

    The COVID-19 global health emergency and its economic and social impacts have disrupted nearly all aspects of life for all groups in society. People of different ages, however, are experiencing its effects in different ways.For young people, and especially for vulnerable youth, the COVID-19 crisis poses considerable risks in the fields of education, employment, mental health and disposable income. Moreover, while youth and future generations will shoulder much of the long-term economic and social consequences of the crisis, their well-being may be superseded by short-term economic and equity considerations. To avoid exacerbating intergenerational inequalities and to involve young people in building societal resilience, governments need to anticipate the impact of mitigation and recovery measures across different age groups, by applying effective governance mechanisms.Based on survey findings from 90 youth organisations from 48 countries, this policy brief outlines practical measures governments can take to design inclusive and fair recovery measures that leave no one behind.

    Read more.
  • ‘Death on an appalling scale’ – David Miliband on the threat of COVID-19 to refugees

    Headed by David Miliband, the International Rescue Committee (IRC) works on the ground to improve public health and stop the pandemic from taking root. Prevention is the aim, whether that’s the introduction of handwashing stations, triage centres or isolation units. Without immediate international action to support healthworkers on the frontlines the consequence will be, as Miliband says, “death on an absolutely appalling scale”.

    ‘Death on an appalling scale’ – David Miliband on the threat of COVID-19 to refugees

    By Anna Bruce-Lockhart (World Economic Forum)

  • How Africa’s Age Structure Will Affect the Impact of COVID-19

    Cases of COVID-19 in Africa represent a tiny fraction of those in other countries, but countries in the region are still taking strong action to slow the spread of the virus: closing borders, imposing curfews, closing schools, and more. These actions – along with those that other countries take to slow the spread, such as factory closings in China – have economic consequences in addition to health consequences. Estimates for African growth in 2020 have fallen dramatically, with impacts from tourism to manufacturing. Africa is the continent with the highest number of poor people in the world, which means the consequences of an economic downturn come with greater risks. Are the actions that high-income countries are taking to stop the pandemic the same ones that Africa’s low- and middle-income countries should take?

    How Africa’s Age Structure Will Affect the Impact of COVID-19

    By David K. Evans (ISPI) and Eric Werker (ISPI)

  • Covid-19 Is Paralyzing One of West Africa’s Main Resources: Migrants

    While about 10,000 people in Africa were registered as positive to the coronavirus as of April 7 – a marginal figure if compared to data coming from Europe, Asia or North America – the pandemic outbreak has already had huge, multilayered and sometimes hard-to-detect impacts on the continent.

    Consequences for migrants, refugees, stateless people and all citizens on the move have been and will continue to be particularly dire. The Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS), Africa’s 15-country, largest free movement area, stands as an example of how migrants in all conditions are vulnerable both to risks for public health and to the measures adopted to tackle them.

    COVID-19 Is Paralyzing One of West Africa’s Main Resources: Migrants

    By Giacomo Zandonini (ISPI)

In The Spotlight

Mainstreaming sustainability and global cooperation will need reforms on the global financial system

Mainstreaming Sustainability and Global Cooperation will Need Reforms on the Global Financial System JAKARTA, 21 FEBRUARY 2022. G20 has always been a forum that recognizes the importance of collective action and inclusive collaboration among major developed and emerging economies worldwide. Inclusive collaboration […]


G20 needs to provide inclusive energy system to accelerate global energy transition

G20 Needs to Provide Inclusive Energy System to Accelerate Global Energy Transition JAKARTA, 21 FEBRUARY 2022. G20 member countries accounted for about 75% of global energy demand. Therefore, the G20 countries have a big responsibility and strategic role in encouraging the use […]


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