The following eight proposals demonstrate how G20 leaders can create conditions to close the loop in global value chains. The proposals cover circular product design, the power of international trade policy to boost circular value chains, the importance of funding and transparent […]
Citizens do not have equal access to data at any given time; therefore, there is a digital divide (Broom 2020, Stoiciu 2020). Albeit every country emphasises providing internet access to their citizens, Figure 1 shows that in many countries, most of the […]
1. Securing the rights of workers The first policy proposal put forward to address the issue of worker vulnerability is to provide fuller employment rights. Although this policy can be applied to precarious workers in general, this is an urgent issue for […]
The proposal aims to highlight policies promoting the key areas impacting smart and sustainable mobility in future smart cities. This involves enabling the necessary technologies and infrastructures and building the socio-technological ecosystem necessary for the massive uptake of green electric mobility solutions. […]
Quantifying the relationship between social norms and the gender gap in digital literacy To outline the relationship between gendered social norms and gender gap in digital literacy, we have plotted the correlation between a series of indicators from Target 4.4.1 of SDG […]
Legislative measures in this area goes rather slowly, this is due to the fact that DFs is a multi-level problem and involves many areas, including acute and sensitive ones. The development of machine learning and a synthesis of modern AI techniques are […]
Recommendation 1: Following the example of recent G20 meetings, include VBHC as part of the agenda for this international dialogue, with particular emphasis on how VBHC models can help support greater healthcare system development to better manage NCD and support universal healthcare […]
Building back better laboratories readiness Laboratory readiness is a key tenet for rapid response to an emerging disease with potential to become a pandemic. Fast planning of a strategic response, based on robust foundations, is essential for a timely laboratory preparedness. Collaboration […]
Today, digitization has touched every part of our lives, influencing the way we work, shop, travel, educate, manage, and live. Digital transformation brings people, business, and technology together, enabling organizations to effectively change business dynamically to achieve goals more efficiently (SAS, 2022). […]
The three challenges above could be addressed by specifically finding alternative financing sources to extend the UHC funding, create unified healthcare system, and finally mobilizing financial resources to secure the GHS and close the between-countries health indicators gap. We propose health tax […]
Recommendation (1) Establishing a multilateral approach to biodefense through: Renewing legally-binding treaties of biological weapon non-proliferation. This will involve G20 countries and guest countries from the under-represented geographical regions of Sub-Saharan Africa, West Africa, and South America. This treaty will concern 3 […]
We believe that G20 can play a significant role in scaling up political commitment and catalyzing efforts to reframe the global health architecture in a more coherent direction to tackle emerging global health threats that require collective action. G20’s support is consequential […]
Proposal (1) Thinking differently about “Health Data” A new sectoral framework for privacy regulation requires a definition of “health data” that factors in the purpose of use of the data for critical healthcare goals. The United States’ health data framework, HIPAA, may […]
The Airborne Infections Defense Platform (AIDP) aims to strengthen political commitment and partnerships, globally and at country level, that will enhance the use of existing TB services for the detection, treatment, and prevention of airborne infectious diseases in high TB burden countries. […]
Given the complexity of the planet’s natural systems and the extent of global trade, intricate supply chains and manufacturing processes, there can be no single approach or solution to transboundary pollution. Nor can pollution imported through food products be checked by relying […]
PROPOSAL 1: Introduce fiscal incentives that reflect and enhance the value of avoided carbon in maritime transport using a Circular Carbon Economy (CCE) framework. Avoided carbon should be factored in, incentivised, and monetised as a tradeable commodity for markets where carbon is […]
Turning the WEF nexus from a vicious cycle of scarcity, competition and conflict into a virtuous cycle of resilience, sustainable resources management, cooperation and security is a prerequisite to allow countries to implement their commitments under the Paris Agreement and Agenda 2030 […]
To meet these challenges, following the framework from Transformations for a Sustainable Ocean Economy report2 outlined in Appendix 1, we recommend that G20 leaders in Bali commit to the following five things: REJUVENATE THE LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORKS TO CONSERVE AND RESTORE […]
The perceived unequal distribution of gains from data combined with the risk of data transfer overseas requires G20 leaders to factor in the multidimensionality of digital data in their effort to encourage DFFT. Free data flows narratives need to explore reasons beyond […]
This policy brief proposes ways in which G20 governments can achieve an active market role for citizens, shifting the regulatory paradigm towards an individual-empowered, human-centered data governance regime. In short, this could be achieved by: Adopting a multi-tiered definition for personal information […]
Based on the abovementioned problems, we propose that the concept of sustainable development is used to solve the world’s problems gradually and sustainably as a policy. The idea is to implement a LL based on accurate data and using all data to […]
Existing International Treaties A brief review of existing international treaties is presented as follows. LONDON CONVENTION The Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter 1972, recognised as the London Convention, is amongst the pioneers of […]
The need for immediate and urgent action against climate change is widely recognised. With more battery use in the future, it is critical to establish a sustainable CEB to ensure the battery value chain remains secure for future consumption. The G20 members, […]
Responding to the three major challenges in RE financing three main proposals are formulated as a comprehensive and interrelated bundle through regional cooperation schemes. PROPOSAL 1: DEVELOP A COMMON PLATFORM AS AN INVESTMENT HUB TO ESCALATE CAPITAL INFLOW FOR RE FINANCING IN […]
In view of these challenges, this brief proposes redirecting global strategies and regional cooperation pathways to an inclusive NZE strategy. In 2019, two Group of 20 (G20) members, Saudi Arabia and Indonesia, were among the world’s biggest energy producing nations (fourth and […]
Transformative innovation policy (TIP) proposes fundamental alterations on the existing socio- technical systems to overcome obstacles (Molas-Gallart et al., 2021). To understand the need for TIP, we should first acknowledge the need for a clear way to design, implement, and manage challenge-driven […]
As the predominant form of business and employment, micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) are key actors for building more inclusive and sustainable growth, increasing economic resilience and improving social cohesion. In fact, across the OECD, MSMEs account for about 60% of […]
Against the backdrop of heightened cybersecurity threats and risks, governments have a significant role to play in ensuring that businesses can operate without the constant fear of cyberattacks. Regulatory environment can be improved to build cyber resiliency. Step 1 – Formalize Cybersecurity […]
Three key concepts, which account for controversial elements in the approaches of “free flow of data” and “data sovereignty”, stand out: privacy, size of data spaces and data localization. We propose that finding a common understanding in these areas can result in […]
PROPOSAL 1. TRADE & FINANCING: ENHANCEMENT THROUGH PRICE CAP AND FINANCING FACILITIES Given the current shipping bottlenecks and shortage of fleet, combined with a non-existent financing facility, especially for developing countries, we propose: Price Caps to Tackle Unreasonable and Uncompetitive Cost This […]
The policy brief lays out three proposals to help address these challenges, as summarized in figure 1. Figure 1: Overview of developments, challenges, and solutions to grow climate FDI Proposal 1. Mandate an expert group to agree on a definition of climate […]
Figure 1 visualises our thesis that stimulating digital entrepreneurship can keep or make GVCs more inclusive while retaining their international competitiveness. It argues that the capacity for SMEs to get access to and benefit from GVCs can be increased through their digital […]
To explore policy guidelines with an overarching spirit of inclusivity and transparency to promote green trade while managing climate-related issues, through harmonization of different environmental standards, coordinated carbon policy and border adjustment initiatives, transfer of technology with capacity building, this policy brief […]
In order to support cooperation, the key following recommendations should be implemented: Unnecessary trade barriers (both tariffs and non-tariff measures) should be avoided, and strong engagement with the WTO and its rules must be preserved; Attention must be given to specific details […]
By identifying best practice policy and regulatory settings for international digital competitiveness, this paper proposes a simplified framework of evidence-based benchmarks to guide structural reform efforts oriented to incentivizing innovation in digital industries. The paper covers policy settings in relation to: digital […]
Key enablers of 4IR transition The Group of 20 (G20) and the world economy are going to embrace the 4IR in an accelerated fashion in the coming years. The growing spread of digital products and services will make this process irreversible regardless […]
The authors propose that the G20 initiate a forum to discuss an evaluation framework for sustainable investment initiatives to help address these challenges. The forum should initially focus on the following: unification of corporate disclosure standards (Proposal 1); enhancement of the transparency, […]
Context Classification of Green Industry and Green Trade The classification of green trade is derived from the classification of green industry, which covers more industries than the traditional classification of “climate” and “environmental” industries. When it is said that trade is a […]
This is a critical moment for the international community to take action given the following recent developments: 1. Research has detected de facto convergence and lessons learned on rules of origin and their administration Research has identified that preferential RoO in FTAs […]
Figure 1. The transition framework from centralized to federated governance via Measurement Matrix To address the aforementioned challenges, a comprehensive framework is needed to ensure each level of problem is properly taken into account. The main concept of governance transition from centralized […]
We propose that the G20 take a globally-coordinated and multi-faceted approach that supports the digital inclusion and empowerment of women entrepreneurs in the post-pandemic era. Our recommendations focus on achieving three main objectives: (1) building digital capacity among WSMEs, (2) increasing WSMEs’ […]
Digital transformation is one of the focus of this year’s G20 forum. G20 governments are expected to share their efforts and investments toward rural areas. Therefore, Digitization and digital transformation in rural areas have become important in creating inclusive recovery and assisting […]
A high-level panel on Digital Cooperation[2] recently noted several gaps and challenges in the existing architecture, including the lack of political will, lack of inclusiveness of some crucial stakeholders, multiplicity of autonomous operators with overlapping mandates, as well as a lack of […]
This Policy Brief offers three recommendations to the G20 to implement a comprehensive framework for protecting smart critical infrastructures in both the national and the international spheres by mobilizing the driver role played by inclusive partnerships between the public and private sectors […]
The effort is to make use of knowledge-driven digital capacity in support of G20 priorities, typically post-pandemic health, climate change policy, and sustainable development and finance. Attention is to be directed as well to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (United Nations, […]
The dystopian analysis, argumentation, and prognoses about AI do not mean we are pessimistic about AI. Still, it was an effort to identify the evil and harmful of AI to set practical policies for exploiting AI to improve the quality of human […]
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a wide potential to replace systems that work by identifying, sifting through, and analysing large amounts of data to interpret patterns and automating processes (Toplic, 2020). AI can amplify ongoing work as per the United Nations’ 17 Sustainable […]
There is broad consensus that digital transformation has been brought forward by years, and is permeating nearly all economic sectors and functions (McKinsey Digital, 2020). Firms realize they need to invest in digital capacity or risk losing market share or even go […]
One of the most significant challenges of our time is reconciling the progress of ICTs and ICT-based applications—known as digitalization—with efforts to achieve a green economy (Langer et al., 2020; Knowles et al. 2022). The first problem is that there is no […]